It was formed on 1 november 1956, following the passage of the states reorganisation act, by combining malayalamspeaking regions of the erstwhile states of travancorecochin and madras. The term kerala was first epigraphically recorded as ketalaputo cheras in a 3rdcentury bce. Geography of kerala location and area kerala is located on the southernmost tip of india and embraces the coast of arabian sea on the west and is bounded by the western ghats in the east. Todays kerala was formed after independence by merging the kingdom of travancore, kingdom of zamorin and the princely state of cochin. Kerala is the most attracted tourist destination with its beaches, hill stations, backwaters, bird and wild life sancturies etc.
Districtwise forest cover kerala number of districts. It was in 1949 that the three territories were integrated and in 1956 the state of kerala was formed, and joined the indian union. Kerala seldom felt the impact of the many foreign invasions that took place in the. Kerala is blessed with its variety of flora and fauna. Kerala history history of kerala landmarks in kerala. History of kerala know all about wonderful state of india, kerala, which is also known as gods own country.
Kerala has a long history of organized health care. Scert kerala textbooks download kerala state syllabus. Geography of kerala location and areakerala is located on the southernmost tip of india and embraces the coast of arabian sea on the west and is bounded by the western ghats in the east. The state of kerala was created in 1956 from the former state of travancorecochin, the malabar district of madras state, and the kasaragod taluk of dakshina kannada. While malabar witnessed the direct rule of the british, travancore and kochi were princely states owing allegiance to the british.
Kerala and tamil nadu once shared a common language, ethnicity and culture. Map of kerala with state capital, district head quarters, taluk head quarters, boundaries, national highways, railway lines and other roads. State of kerala mopakigbahin sa usa ka utlanan sa state of tamil nadu, state of karnataka, arabian sea, ug union territory of puducherry. Art and culture of kerala traditions, history, customs. Onam, the statewide festival of kerala, is dedicated to mavelis memory. Kerala history prehistoric kerala the meglithic monuments include the dolmens, cists, rockcut caves, thopikallu, pulachikallu, kudakkallu etc. Latest general knowledge questions and answers current affairs,psc question bank,upsc,ssc solved. Kerala legislatur everything u wanted to know about kerala legislature.
Whereas it is necessary and expedient to amend and consolidate the law relating to courtfees and valuation of suits in the state of kerala. The report provides an insight in to the various aspects of the state like general. Parasurama divided kerala into 64 villages and donated them to brahmins. The term kerala was first epigraphically recorded as ketalaputo cheras in a 3rd century bce. Famous rockcut caves in the ambukuthi hills in the wayanad district in known as edakkal caves. Spread over 38,863 km 2 15,005 sq mi, kerala is the twentythird largest indian state by area. Kerala is a state on the southwestern malabar coast of india. History study material for kerala psc updated for 2020 to. Kerala travel map, kerala state map with districts, cities.
Pdf keralas development experience has been distinguished by the primacy of the social sectors. Simply it is boundless everywhere you can sense on the land of kerala. The state has many advantages such as 94% literacy rate, life expectancy of 74%, english is widely spoken and understood, high per capita income, availability of skilled. Because the question can be asked from any corner of given syllabus. The concept of equality has an inherent limitation arising from the very nature of the constitutional guarantee. Equality is violated if it rests on unreasonable basis. Kerala history timeline pdf important events happened in. Dont ask me to send them either as they are scanned books and the. Kerala was formed out of three political units the princely state of cochin, which dates back to the middle ages, the kingdom of travancore, which was created in the 18th century, and the malabar district which was the former kingdom of the zamorin of calicut. Sreedhara menon, eminent historian, academic and padma bhushan awardee, is one of the most widelyread compendiums on. Foreword msmedevelopment institute, ministry of msme, government of india, thrissur, kerala has prepared the 20th updated edition of the state profile as a part of msmedo action plan for the year 201415. The recent history of kerala includes the prelude to independence, the road to communism and the evolution of the modern state of kerala. Identify mahabharata as a source to reconstruct the history of ancient india. This period is also known as the period of second chera empire.
Parasurama, the brahmin avatar incarnation of lord vishnu, had waged an epic series of vengeful wars on the kshatriyas. Kerala timeline of important struggles,revolts,satyagraha. It is a small state, constituting only about 1 percent of the total area of the country. They were the ays in the south, the cheras in central kerala and the ezhimalas in the north. It has all travel destinations, districts, cities, towns, road routes of places in kerala. The indian national congress was established in 1885 and it soon became the spearhead of the indian nationalist movement. The sangam age witnessed three political powers ruling the area which now constitutes the state of kerala. The decline in public sector spending for health resulted in an overwhelming. A must read for the students of history and anyone with a curiosity to go through the history of this land. Pdf historical analysis of the development of health care facilities. Kerala has the unique distinction of being a region where patriotic indians revolted against the british rulers even before the first freedom struggle of 1857, which was labelled by the british as sepoy mutiny.
The most popular legend would have it that the land crust that forms the state was raised from the depths of the ocean. A sreedhara menons a survey of kerala history deals with keralas geographical background, its history from prehistoric period to the social reform movements. F ind kerala history timeline pdf file for competitive exams like psc, upsc, ibps, sbi po etc. History study material for kerala pscupdated for 20202021 changes.
It is the national festival of kerala with state holidays on 4 days starting from onam eve uthardom to the 4rd onam day. Raghava varier of the kerala state archaeology department identified a sign of a man with jar cup in the engravings, which is the most distinct motif of the indus valley civilisation. The ancient history of kerala is shrouded in the mists of tradition. Going back to the time of legends,it is said that the entire region of kerala was under water and was reclaimed by parasurama, a human reincarnation of lord vishnu. The kerala court fees and suits valuation act, 19591 act 10 of 1960 an act to amend and consolidate the law relating to courtfees and valuation of suits in the state of kerala. The state of kerala was created in 1956 from the former state of travancorecochin, the. Latest 20192020 edition of scert kerala state syllabus textbooks english medium and malayalam medium pdf free download for standard 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th class or hsslive plus one plus two students.
Sreedhara menons a survey of kerala history is inexpensive and comprehensive. Kerala geography and history india map, map of india. Situated on the south western tip of india, kerala is a coastal state with strengths in tourism, fisheries and agribusiness. Kulasekara empire lasted for about 3 centuries beginning from 800 ad. Kerala is sandwiched between the lakshadweep sea and the western ghats, is a narrow, fertile strip of land on the southwest coast of india. State council of educational research and training scert, kerala.
The history of kerala, is as interesting and striking as its varied geographical features that adds an aweinspiring beauty and thus this place becomes a land of versatile appeal. The culture of kerala mostly influenced by tamildravidian and aryaindian culture. The sahya mountains which form part of the western ghats is the main mountain range in kerala. Get detailed information on kerala culture, religions, tourist destinations, people, lifestyle, etc. Classical period muziris in the tabula peutingeriana, an itinerarium showing the road network in the roman empire. The state has from the dawn of history enjoyed a kind of insularity, which has given it welcome immunity from the political convulsions, which shook northern india. These kings were known after their family name as kulasekaras. The kerala forest act, 19611 act 4 of 1962 an act to unify and amend the law relating to the protection and management of forests in the state of kerala whereas it is expedient to unify and amend the law relating to the protection and management of forests in the state of kerala.
Kerala state syllabus textbooks english malayalam medium standard 10th, 9th, 8th, 7th, and 6th, 5th, 4th, 3rd, 2nd, 1st. Rationale of the study the unique culture and character of the people of kerala state have greatly impacted the origin and growth of the pentecostal churches in kerala. It protected the state from political invasions that hit south india till the. Chapter i i i history of educational l nitiatives in kerala educational expansion in kerala has a long history and it is unique in many respects. Keralas unique culture can see in various arts, crafts, language, history, festivals, martial arts, dress, etc a lot. The state of tamil nadu argues that the supreme court in 2014 upheld the rights of tamil. Parasurama, surrounded by settlers, commanding varuna to part the seas and reveal kerala. Most of the books listed below will be hard to find i got these after trawling the internet for ages. It is only in the sangam age that the history of kerala emerges from myths and legends. Kerala is considered as land of festivals, with numerous festivals falling across the year. Kerala stretches for about 360 miles along the malabar coast, varying in width from roughly 20 to 75 miles.
Tribals in kerala are living on the hill ranges, mainly on the western ghats, bordering karnataka and tamil nadu 3. Kerala is the melting pot of many cultures and civilizations native as. Cochin became a subsidiary state of the british in 1809. Kerala timeline of important struggles,revolts,satyagrahayears kerala timeline of important struggles,revolts,satyagrahayears list of major rebellions,agiatations,social revolts in kerala history and important leaders. State profile of kerala, 201516 msmedevelopment institute, thrissur page 6 chapter1 general characteristics of the state 1. National geographics traveller magazine lists kerala as one of the ten paradises of the world and 50 must see destinations of a lifetime.
From the beginning, this denomination has consisted of different ethnic groups, that is dalits and nondalits. Dont ask me where you can find them as i dont remember the sources. The last decades of the 19th century saw the emergence of nationalism in india. Educational initiatives of both the public and the private agencies during the last two centuries not only made the state the most literate one but also placed the state well ahead in gender and spatial equity. Its important that we have the pinpoint idea about the specific topic.
Typographical errors lurk in the text, but nothing that distracts from the book. Kerala state profile kerala the gods own country is the tiny state situated at the southern end of india. An evaluation of the history of pentecostal dalits in kerala. What are some good books on the history of kerala, both. In the three zones of kerala, namely, malabar, cochin and travancore, there were uprisings against the british. The next period in kerala history is the period of rule of the kulasekara kings.